Quiz Topics
3.1 LIGHT
Specific Competence: Students will understand and apply the principles of light: how it travels straight (rectilinear propagation), bounces off surfaces (reflection), bends through different materials (refraction), and how lenses work. Learning Activities: Students will conduct experiments to show light's straight path, analyze shadows, and build a pinhole camera. They will explore reflection using mirrors, verify its laws, and solve related problems. For refraction, they will create optical illusions, verify Snell's Law with prisms, and demonstrate total internal reflection. They will also investigate lenses, draw ray diagrams, apply lens equations, and design simple optical instruments like periscopes, kaleidoscopes, telescopes, and microscopes, researching their real-world uses. Expected Standard: Students will correctly apply the concepts of rectilinear propagation, reflection, refraction, and the function of lenses.
3.2 STATIC ELECTRICITY
Specific Competence: Students will design experiments to study static electricity and correctly install lightning arresters. Learning Activities: Students will perform experiments to generate static electricity by rubbing, induction, and conduction, investigating factors like heat and humidity. They will demonstrate charging and discharging, explain lightning formation, and test material conductivity. They will also learn about lightning arresters, the importance of grounding, and safety procedures for handling electrostatic charges. Expected Standard: Students will correctly design static electricity experiments and properly install a lightning arrester.
3.3 CURRENT ELECTRICITY
Specific Competence: Students will construct basic electric circuits, apply electric cell technology, use Ohm's Law, solve problems related to electrical energy and power, and design safe and efficient home electrical systems. Learning Activities: Students will define electric charge, current, and potential difference, building simple circuits to demonstrate these. They will measure voltage and current, calculate resistance in series and parallel circuits, and investigate factors affecting wire resistance. They will explore electric cells for energy storage, including charging, discharging, and environmental impacts. Students will verify Ohm's Law, analyze conductors, and solve related problems. They will also calculate electrical power and energy consumption, design energy-efficient systems, and develop domestic circuits incorporating safety features like fuses, circuit breakers, insulation, earthing, and surge protectors. Expected Standard: Students will correctly build simple electric circuits, apply electric cell technology, construct circuits demonstrating Ohm's Law, build energy-efficient systems, and design safe and efficient domestic electrical circuits.
3.4 MAGNETISM
Specific Competence: Students will demonstrate a clear understanding of how magnets work. Learning Activities: Students will explore the properties of magnets, the domain theory (how tiny regions in magnetic materials align), and induced magnetism (making other materials magnetic). They will plot magnetic field lines, learn how to create and demagnetize magnets, and understand the use of magnetic keepers (for storing magnets) and magnetic screening (for blocking magnetic fields). They will also design new applications that use magnets. Expected Standard: Students will correctly show their understanding of magnetism.
3.5 ELECTROMAGNETISM
Specific Competence: Students will apply the principle that electric currents create magnetic effects to solve real-world problems. Learning Activities: Students will demonstrate magnetic field patterns around electric currents using rules like the right-hand grip rule. They will build systems that use this effect, such as electric bells, and show how currents behave in magnetic fields (Fleming's left-hand rule). They will investigate forces between parallel currents, research the health and environmental effects of magnetic fields, and design innovative solutions involving current-carrying conductors in magnetic fields, like electric motors. Expected Standard: Students will correctly apply the concept of the magnetic effect of electric currents to solve problems.
3.6 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
Specific Competence: Students will create systems based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, build simple AC and DC generators, solve problems involving transformers, and understand electrical energy transmission. Learning Activities: Students will demonstrate Faraday's law, identifying factors affecting induced current magnitude and direction (Lenz's and Fleming's right-hand rules). They will construct simple AC and DC generators. For transformers, they will demonstrate mutual induction (how a changing current in one coil induces a current in another) and operation, solve related problems (including efficiency), and build a simple transformer. They will also discuss and explore different methods and factors involved in transmitting electrical energy over distances. Expected Standard: Students will correctly build systems using Faraday's law, create simple AC and DC generators, solve transformer-related problems, and understand electrical energy transmission.